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如何在Excel中检查数字是否为素数？

众所周知，素数是一个自然数，仅包含两个不同的自然数除数：一个和它本身。 如果您在工作表中有数字列表，那么如何检查数字是否为质数？

使用数组公式检查数字是否为质数

使用用户定义的功能检查数字是否为质数

箭头蓝色右气泡 使用数组公式检查数字是否为质数

以下公式可以帮助您确定数字是否是质数，请按照以下步骤操作：

1。 在数据旁边的空白单元格（例如C2）中输入以下公式：

=IF(A2=2,"Prime",IF(AND(MOD(A2,ROW(INDIRECT("2:"&ROUNDUP(SQRT(A2),0))))<>0),"Prime","Not Prime")) (A2 是该单元格包含您要检查的数字），然后按 Ctrl + Shift + Enter 键在一起，您将得到结果，如果数字为质数，则单元格中将显示“ Prime”，否则，将显示“ Not Prime”，请参见屏幕截图：

doc检查素数1

2。 然后选择单元格C2，并将填充手柄向下拖动到要应用此公式的单元格上，所有的数字（如果不是素数）将被识别。 看截图：

doc检查素数2

箭头蓝色右气泡 使用用户定义的功能检查数字是否为质数

下列 用户定义功能 还可以帮助您检查数字是否为素数，请执行以下操作：

1。 按住 ALT + F11 键打开 Microsoft Visual Basic应用程序 窗口。

2。 点击 插页 > 模块，然后将以下代码粘贴到 模块窗口.

VBA代码：检查数字是否为质数：

Function CheckPrime(Numb As Single) As Boolean
'Updateby Extendoffice
    Dim X As Long
    If Numb < 2 Or (Numb <> 2 And Numb Mod 2 = 0) _
     Or Numb <> Int(Numb) Then Exit Function
    For X = 3 To Sqr(Numb) Step 2
        If Numb Mod X = 0 Then Exit Function
    Next
    CheckPrime = True
End Function

3。 然后保存并关闭此代码，返回到工作表，然后输入以下公式： = checkprime（A2） 放入数字列表旁边的空白单元格中，然后将填充手柄向下拖动到要包含此公式的单元格中，如果数字为质数，则显示TRUE，否则为FALSE，请参见屏幕截图：

doc检查素数3

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Comments (21)
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craig
craig
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DO NOT ENTER THE FORMULAE IN THE CELL. Select the cell then paste the formulae in the formulae bar and press ctrl+shft+Enter. it should put { around the formulae} otherwise its wrong.
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ChrisA
ChrisA     craig
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Craig, Thanks - that works! Sorry, I didn't read the instructions sufficiently carefully.
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ChrisA
ChrisA
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There is definitely a problem with this equation. I did a direct copy/paste and checked it was a faithful copy but it still has 9, 15, 21, 25, 33, 35 and 39 as primes when they obviously are not. On quick inspection it seems as if factors of 3 and 5 are giving rise to some sort of problem. It is a very complicated formula for a single cell - so much so, I can't work out what it is trying to do. I usually break such things down into multiple cells to make debugging easier (which, I believe is Excel best practice). The function seems to work, though.
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Chris
Chris
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There is definitely a problem with this equation. I did a direct copy/paste and checked it was a faithful copy but it still has 9, 15, 21, 25, 33, 35 and 39 as primes when they obviously are not. On quick inspection it seems as if factors of 3 and 5 are giving rise to some sort of problem. It is a very complicated formula for a single cell - so much so, I can't work out what it is trying to do. I usually break such things down into multiple cells to make debugging easier (which, I believe is Excel best practice).
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gian_ve
gian_ve
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Hi.

I am using an italian version of Excel, so the formula does not work and i have an error. Can you help me?

Thanks in advance
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skyyang
skyyang     gian_ve
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Hi, Gian,
If the formula does not work correctly for you, you can apply the second method-User Defined Function. Please try, hope it can help you!
Thank you!
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gian_ve
gian_ve     skyyang
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Hi skyyang.
If it can be useful for others researchers, I inform you that I have found the solution to my problem here => http://www.riolab.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=172&Itemid=68

Thank you!
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Kiran
Kiran
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Yes it worked wen I did Ctrl+Shift+Enter... !! Thank you..:D and Do u mind explaining the algorithm please.
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Nathan
Nathan
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There's a reference error when you type in numbers that have more than 12 digits.
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skyyang
skyyang     Nathan
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Hello,Nathan,
As you said, when the numbers are longer than 12 digits, it will become scientific notation. The formula is not applied for this formatting.
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vaibhav
vaibhav
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well 4095 is not a prime. still it gives result as prime no though. its incorrect.
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skyyang
skyyang     vaibhav
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Hello, vaibhav,
When you pasting above formula, you should press Ctrl + Shift + Enter keys together, not just Enter key, please try it again.
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xsoft.cz@gmail.com
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Your formula is not working. Eg. 1681 is NOT a prime but by formula it is.
=IF(A2=2,"Prime",IF(AND(MOD(A2,ROW(INDIRECT("2:"&ROUNDUP(SQRT(A2),0))))<>0),"Prime","Not Prime"))
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skyyang
skyyang    
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Hello, Jan,
The above formula is correct, after pastingt the formula into a cell, you should press Ctrl + Shift + Enter keys together, not just Enter key.
Please try it again, thank you!
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xsoft.cz@gmail.com
    skyyang
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Yes, it was that case with CSE. Thanks (it's fixed now).
https://superuser.com/questions/674566/when-to-use-ctrlshiftenter-and-when-to-use-enter-in-excel

Btw Czech variant to:
=IF(A2=2,"Prime",IF(AND(MOD(A2,ROW(INDIRECT("2:"&ROUNDUP(SQRT(A2),0))))<>0),"Prime","Not Prime"))
is:
=KDYŽ(A2=2;"Prime";KDYŽ(A(MOD(A2;ŘÁDEK(NEPŘÍMÝ.ODKAZ("2:"&ROUNDUP(ODMOCNINA(A2);0))))<>0);"Prime";"Not Prime"))

Compare: https://imgur.com/a/4MgeV
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John Kennedy Aquino
John Kennedy Aquino
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this is my fastest version Sub generateprimenumbersbetween3() starting_number = 1 'input value here last_number = 30000 'input value here primenumbers = "" For a = starting_number To last_number c = a For b = 2 To c If a Mod b = 0 And c b Then Exit For Else If b = c Then primenumbers = primenumbers & " " & a Exit For Else If Round(a / (b + 1)) + 1 > b Then c = Round(a / (b + 1)) + 1 End If End If End If Next b Next a MsgBox primenumbers End Sub Sub ISPRIME3() number_to_be_checked = 2000000000 'input value here c = number_to_be_checked For b = 2 To c If number_to_be_checked Mod b = 0 And c b Then MsgBox "Not Prime. Divisible by " & b Exit Sub Else If b = c Then MsgBox "Prime" Exit Sub Else If Round(number_to_be_checked / (b + 1)) + 1 > b Then c = Round(number_to_be_checked / (b + 1)) + 1 End If End If End If Next b End Sub
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Rick
Rick
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The user defined function does not seem to work for numbers above ~16777213
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John Kennedy Aquino
John Kennedy Aquino     Rick
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Sub generateprimenumbersbetween() starting_number = 99990 'input value here last_number = 99999 'input value here primenumbers = "" For a = starting_number To last_number For b = 2 To a If a - b * Int(a / b) = 0 And a b Then Exit For Else If a = b Then primenumbers = primenumbers & " " & a End If End If Next b Next a MsgBox primenumbers End Sub Function primenumbersbetween(starting_number, last_number) primenumbers = "" For a = starting_number To last_number For b = 2 To a If a - b * Int(a / b) = 0 And a b Then Exit For Else If a = b Then primenumbers = primenumbers & " " & a End If End If Next b Next a primenumbersbetween = primenumbers End Function 'to check if a number is prime Sub ISPRIME() number_to_be_checked = 102 'input value here For b = 2 To number_to_be_checked If number_to_be_checked - b * Int(number_to_be_checked / b) = 0 And _ number_to_be_checked b Then MsgBox "Not Prime. Divisible by " & b Exit Sub Else If number_to_be_checked = b Then MsgBox "Prime" End If End If Next b End Sub 'to check if a number is prime Function ISPRIME2(number_to_be_checked) For b = 2 To number_to_be_checked If number_to_be_checked - b * Int(number_to_be_checked / b) = 0 And _ number_to_be_checked b Then ISPRIME2 = "Not Prime. Divisible by " & b Exit Function Else If number_to_be_checked = b Then ISPRIME2 = "Prime" End If End If Next b End Function
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